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IGCSE Physics Notes

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Published in: Physics
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THE SAMPLE NOTES WILL BE THE PRACTICE OF THE STUDENTS WHO WANTS TO REVISE THE CHAPTER DENSITY AND FORCES.

Helena F / Ampang

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Qualification: B.S. Hons. Chemical Engineering

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  1. Level Subject Exam Board Topic Sub Topic Booklet Time Allowed: Score: Percentage: Grade Boundaries: Save My Exams! - The Home of Revision For more awesome GCSE and A level resources, visit us at www.savemyexams.co.uk/ 1.8 Pressure Question Paper IGCSE Physics (0625) Cambridge International Examinations(ClE) General Physics 1.8 Pressure Question Paper 47 minutes /39 /100 c 45% D 35%
  2. 1 The temperature of the water is the same at all depths. What is the volume of this bubble when it reaches the surface? 2 -x -z Save My Exams! - The Home of Revision For more awesome GCSE and A level resources, visit us at www.savemvexams.co.uW A diver under water uses breathing apparatus at a depth where the pressure is 1.25 x 105 Pa. O O O A bubble of gas breathed out by the diver has a volume of 20 cm3 when it is released. The bubble moves upwards to the surface of the water. At the surface of the water, the atmospheric pressure is 1.00 x 105 Pa. A 15 cm3 B 16cm3 C 20 cm3 The diagram shows a simple mercury barometer. mercury The atmospheric pressure increases. Which distance increases? A VW B WY c XY D -w D 25 cm3 xz
  3. Save My Exams! - The Home of Revision For more awesome GCSE and A level resources, visit us at www.savemvexams.co.uW A force acts on an area to produce a pressure. Which changes produce the same pressure? 3 4 A B C D double the area and double the force double the area and halve the force double the area and make the force four times bigger halve the area and double the force Identical toy bricks are placed one on top of another to make a tower on a table. bricks table tower of bricks Which graph shows the relationship between the pressure P that the tower exerts on the table and the weight W of the tower? c
  4. Save My Exams! - The Home of Revision For more awesome GCSE and A level resources, visit us at www.savemvexams.co.uW 5 A dam across a lake is divided into two sections by a rock. Section X is longer than section Y but the two sections are otherwise identical. The water in the lake by the dam is the same depth everywhere. The diagram shows a view from above of the lake and the dam. water in lake section X of dam rock section Y of dam The water creates a total force on each section of the dam and an average pressure on each section of the dam. Which statement is correct? A B C D The average pressure on X equals the average pressure on Y. The average pressure on X is less than the average pressure on Y. The total force on X equals the total force on Y. The total force on X is less than the total force on Y.
  5. Save My Exams! - The Home of Revision For more awesome GCSE and A level resources, visit us at www.savemvexams.co.uW 6 The diagram shows a simple mercury barometer alongside a mercury manometer. manometer contains some trapped gas. cm 90 vacuum 80 70 trapped gas 60 50 76 cm 40 mercury 30 20 10 What is the pressure of the trapped gas? The A B C D 1 0 cm of mercury 50 cm of mercury 66 cm of mercury 86 cm of mercury 7 A cyclist travels down a hill from rest at point X, without pedalling. The cyclist applies his brakes and the cycle stops at point Y. x h ill Which energy changes have taken place between X and Y? A B C D gravitational potential kinetic thermal (heat) gravitational potential thermal (heat) kinetic kinetic gravitational potential thermal (heat) kinetic thermal (heat) gravitational potential
  6. Save My Exams! - The Home of Revision For more awesome GCSE and A level resources, visit us at www.savemvexams.co.uW 8 The diagram shows a simple mercury barometer. Which height is used as a measurement of atmospheric pressure? mercury c 9 The diagram shows a stone suspended under the surface of a liquid from a string. The stone experiences a pressure caused by the liquid. string stone liquid What would increase the pressure on the stone? A B C D decreasing the surface area of the stone increasing the mass of the stone lowering the stone deeper into the liquid using a liquid with a lower density
  7. 10 Save My Exams! - The Home of Revision For more awesome GCSE and A level resources, visit us at www.savemvexams.co.uW The diagram shows a simple mercury barometer, used to measure atmospheric pressure. p mercury Atmospheric pressure decreases. Which row states what happens to the pressure at point P and what happens to the level L? A B c D pressure at P decreases decreases stays the same stays the same level L falls rises falls rises
  8. 11 12 Save My Exams! - The Home of Revision For more awesome GCSE and A level resources, visit us at www.savemvexams.co.uW The diagram shows a manometer with one side connected to a gas cylinder and the other side open to the atmosphere. gas cylinder liquid Which conclusion can be made using only the information from liquid levels in the manometer? A B C D The density of the gas is less than the density of air. The density of the gas is greater than the density of air. The pressure of the gas is less than atmospheric pressure. The pressure of the gas is greater than atmospheric pressure. The diagram shows a solid block resting on a bench. The dimensions of the block are shown. 20 cm 80 cm 40 cm p bench On which labelled surface should the block rest to produce the smallest pressure on the bench? A B C D p Q R any of P, Q or R
  9. 13 14 Save My Exams! - The Home of Revision For more awesome GCSE and A level resources, visit us at www.savemvexams.co.uW The diagram shows a manometer containing a liquid. The manometer is used to find the difference between the pressure of a gas and atmospheric pressure. Which distance represents this pressure difference? gas pressure c D liquid Four Dhysics teachers investigate pressure. They wear identical clothes and lie on different beds ot nails. The table gives the weight of each teacher and the total area of contact between the teacher and the nails. Which teacher experiences the least pressure from the nails? c weight of teacher/N 700 800 900 1000 total area of contact/cm2 13 20 14 21
  10. Save My Exams! - The Home of Revision For more awesome GCSE and A level resources, visit us at www.savemvexams.co.uW The table gives four forces and the surface area on which each force acts. Which row gives the largest pressure on the surface? 15 16 17 B c D force/ N 20 40 20 40 2 area/m 2 2 4 4 What does a barometer measure? A B C D the current in a circuit the density of a liquid the pressure of air the temperature of an object A man is in contact with the floor. In which of these situations does he produce the least pressure on the floor? A B C D kneeling lying flat on his back standing on both feet standing on one foot
  11. Save My Exams! - The Home of Revision For more awesome GCSE and A level resources, visit us at www.savemvexams.co.uW 18 A vehicle sinks into soft ground. The vehicle is changed so that it does not sink as far. Which change is made? A B C D a lower centre of mass a more powerful engine wheels that are further apart wider tyres 19 A manometer is used to measure the pressure of a gas trapped in a cylinder. At which labelled point on the diagram is the pressure greatest? gas cylinder c
  12. Save My Exams! - The Home of Revision For more awesome GCSE and A level resources, visit us at www.savemvexams.co.uW Which situation is an example of a force acting over a large area to produce a small pressure? 20 21 22 A B C D a builder hammering a nail into a piece of wood a cook using a sharp knife to cut vegetables a nurse pushing a needle into a patient's arm a soldier marching in flat-soled boots A student places four identical beakers on a bench. Two beakers contain salt water of density 1.1 g/cm3 and two beakers contain pure water of density 1.0g/cm3. Which beaker exerts the greatest pressure on the bench? 1 50 cm3 of salt water 100 cm3 of salt water c 150 cm3 of pure water D 1 00 cm3 of pure water A student places his thumb firmly on the outlet of a bicycle pump, to stop the air coming out. trapped air direction of motion handle What happens to the pressure and what happens to the volume of the trapped air as the pump handle is pushed in? B c pressure decreases decreases increases increases volume decreases remains the same decreases remains the same
  13. 23 24 Save My Exams! - The Home of Revision For more awesome GCSE and A level resources, visit us at www.savemvexams.co.uW The diagram shows a simple mercury barometer. p mercury Atmospheric pressure decreases. What happens to the level of the mercury at P and what happens to the level of the mercury at B c D p falls falls rises rises falls rises falls rises A student places four identical beakers on a bench. Two beakers contain salt water of density 1.1 g/cm3 and two beakers contain pure water of density 1.0g/ cm3. Which beaker exerts the greatest pressure on the bench? 150 cm3 of salt water 100 cm3 of salt water c 150 cm3 of pure water 1 00 cm3 of pure water
  14. Save My Exams! - The Home of Revision For more awesome GCSE and A level resources, visit us at www.savemvexams.co.uW 25 The diagram shows three different containers J, K and L. Each container contains water of the same depth. Which statement about the pressure of the water on the base of each container is correct? A B C D The water pressure is greatest in container J. The water pressure is greatest in container K. The water pressure is greatest in container L. The water pressure is the same for all three containers. 26 A water manometer is connected to a gas supply. gas supply water p There is a gas leak and the pressure of the gas supply falls. What happens to the water level at P and what happens to the water level at Q? c water level at P falls falls rises rises water level at Q falls rises falls rises
  15. Save My Exams! - The Home of Revision For more awesome GCSE and A level resources, visit us at www.savemvexams.co.uW 27 The scale diagram shows three identical blocks, P, Q and R. The blocks have different areas of contact with the ground. p Which block exerts the greatest pressure on the ground? A B C D block P block Q block R they all exert the same pressure 28 A manometer is used to measure the pressure of the air in a container. manometer connection to container h liquid Which change would give a bigger value of height h? A B C D using a less dense liquid using a more dense liquid using a narrower tube using a wider tube
  16. Save My Exams! - The Home of Revision For more awesome GCSE and A level resources, visit us at www.savemvexams.co.uW 29 A water manometer is used to measure the pressure of a gas supply. gas supply initial level of water 10 cm 1 0 cm water When it is attached to the gas supply, the water falls on the left side and rises on the right side. The difference in the levels of water on the two sides is now 20 cm. What is the pressure of the gas supply? A B C D the pressure due to 10 cm depth of water the pressure due to 20 cm depth of water the pressure due to 10 cm depth of water plus atmospheric pressure the pressure due to 20 cm depth of water plus atmospheric pressure
  17. Save My Exams! - The Home of Revision For more awesome GCSE and A level resources, visit us at www.savemvexams.co.uW 30 A chair is placed on protective cups to prevent damage to the carpet underneath it. chair carpet protective cups How do the cups change the area of contact with the carpet and the pressure on it? B c area of contact decreased decreased increased increased pressure decreased increased decreased increased
  18. Save My Exams! - The Home of Revision For more awesome GCSE and A level resources, visit us at www.savemvexams.co.uW It is dangerous for submarines to dive to very great depths. 31 Why is it dangerous? A B C D The density of water is less at greater depths. The pressure of water is greater at greater depths. The temperature of water is higher at greater depths. The weight of the submarine is greater at greater depths. 32 Which block exerts the greatest pressure on the surface below it? area 10cm2 '&eight IOON- B area 20 cm2 weight - IÖON c area 10cm2 Weight 200 N area 20 cm2 weight 200 N 33 Which statement is explained by reference to pressure? A B C D Objects with greater mass have greater weight. One kilogram of water occupies more volume than one kilogram of lead. Spikes on running-shoes sink into the ground. Water cooled to a low enough temperature turns to ice.
  19. 34 35 36 Save My Exams! - The Home of Revision For more awesome GCSE and A level resources, visit us at www.savemvexams.co.uW The diagram shows a mercury manometer used to measure the pressure of gas in a container. Atmospheric pressure is 76 cm of mercury. gas mercury 20 cm 12cm What is the pressure of the gas? A B C D 56 cm of mercury 68 cm of mercury 84 cm of mercury 96 cm of mercury What does a barometer measure? A B C D atmospheric density atmospheric pressure liquid density liquid pressure In which position would a boy exert the most pressure on the ground? A B C D lying on his back sitting down standing on one foot standing on two feet
  20. 37 Save My Exams! - The Home of Revision For more awesome GCSE and A level resources, visit us at www.savemvexams.co.uW A brick with flat, rectangular sides rests on a table. brick table The brick is now turned so that it rests on the table on its smallest face. How has this affected the force and the pressure exerted by the brick on the table? B c D force in creased increased unchanged unchanged pressure increased unchanged increased unchanged
  21. 38 Save My Exams! - The Home of Revision For more awesome GCSE and A level resources, visit us at www.savemvexams.co.uW The diagram shows two mercury barometers. Barometer 1 is measuring atmospheric pressure on day 1. Barometer 2 is measuring atmospheric pressure on day 2. mercury point X barometer 1, day 1 Which statement is true? point Y barometer 2, day 2 A B C D The atmospheric pressure on day 1 is less than the atmospheric pressure on day 2. The atmospheric pressure on day 1 is the same as the atmospheric pressure on day 2. The pressure at point X is less than the pressure at point Y. The pressure at point X is the same as the pressure at point Y.
  22. Save My Exams! - The Home of Revision For more awesome GCSE and A level resources, visit us at www.savemvexams.co.uW 39 A water manometer is used to measure the pressure of a gas supply. gas supply initial level of water 10 cm 10 cm water When it is attached to the gas supply, the water falls on the left side and rises on the right side. The difference in the levels of water on the two sides is now 20 cm. What is the pressure of the gas supply? A B C D the pressure due to 10cm depth of water the pressure due to 20 cm depth of water the pressure due to 10cm depth of water plus atmospheric pressure the pressure due to 20 cm depth of water plus atmospheric pressure